Consciousness as complex as our situation is, realities beyond the instinctive nature of the animals. For lionkind, the story is to collect, but from one hunting area to another, learning through imitation of the best hunting strategies and the development of more complex forms of being through consciousness Limited bidirectional development through evolution. No lion-the-less is a distinct reality of consciousness, a form from which the path of evolution of human consciousness, hundreds of millions of years has been disconnected.

The human capacity to evolve into more complex forms of being through consciousness is dependent on information and units can be combined to existing units. The gradual accumulation of the story is no longer dependent on the oral heritage, but it can be written and read by other people. In a way, an individual is capable of art, philosophy or science, to create a life for an individual and in this system, to adopt the life experience of hundreds or thousands of people in their most developed form of semantics can be adopted in a procedure compared separately to the time, as long as the implementation of this knowledge has been made for an individual. With 40 years on average, can read thousands of books containing 40,000 years of experience, including sources can be located anywhere around the world as well be in a certain time, who wrote an inheritance. How old is the realization, while in the theory of relativity with the person, and they can be measured?

As the environment of our planet was capable of doing what the rise of consciousness as a natural property of the universe must be, it must have taken place on another planet if we fail to think for themselves, to snare we are the center of the cosmos, such as we once thought, when the world was flat, and even manage to give the illusion of narcissism, we are the only planet that is experiencing the emergence of consciousness. What forms of knowledge accumulation formed when they have a semantic space in their consciousness and formed what forms of representation of reality in the theory of relativity with them? These questions are part of the cosmological realism of consciousness, not only concerns about the diversity of consciousness, the presence of species on a world, but in a variety of them. Finally, human consciousness is not the only form of consciousness that inhabits this planet.

From the perspective of memetics, the realities of representation such as ours are linked continuum of information-oriented, and perhaps in the future, they are interplanetarly together, pooling and sharing of experiences, as we share our written heritage of us. Then by general causal relationships combined in a galaxy, so that perhaps in this age in the entire universe, and who knows, maybe the struggle between light and darkness, that man is defined so that all non While the oldest of the past at this time, exist on other worlds as well.

With regard to the history of growth and development of international relations theory, it can be divided into four major sections. They are not separate from the other division, but a phase of evolution and development of the previous phase. Therefore we can say that these divisions were created for convenience theory study. The divisions are listed as follows,

The first is the historical period that has existed for a long time before the start of World War II. Before 1914, there were monarchical political systems around the world dominates. The theory of international relations was not very important. Always want to conquer the Earth and the other by using other resources was evident. Diplomacy was at this time, but not sufficient. In this phase, the main interest in understanding the relationship between states / nations throughout history, diplomacy and law. During this phase, more intellectual (such as Plato, Aristotle, Rousseau and Karl Marx) taught all sorts of political and economic philosophies that have paved the way for the development of the phases in international relations. However, analytical methods for the formulation of these reasons were stage.Because they could not answer questions, to solve the war through international relations.

Second, the organizational phase, formed after World War II. Caused enormous destruction, urged intellectuals to study international relations in a new way. Prevention of war was the main objective criticism focused on them. Regarding idealist thinkers attitude, then U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suggested a need for the international organization, was able to solve international disputes and maintain peace by eliminating the cause of the war. Founded as a result of the League of Nations. This could be the first political idealist approach that the world has ever attempted.

League of Nations has made a valuable service at first, but later, not in their main goal.Because of his idealistic visions sometimes he could not use it in the practical world.For example, the Italian invasion of Abyssinia and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, the League of Nations does not warn, Italy and Japan, but nothing has changed. This idealistic concepts should generally respect the virtue of a country, although seen in almost rare. So, finally ineffective League of Nations and idealists have been harshly criticized by thinkers referred to themselves as realists. Despite idealist thought the war could not be prevented. Thus began realistic ideas to increase.

Third, the phase of the Cold War by the situations of post-World War was created.Shortly after the Second World War weakened former imperial powers (France and UK), and because the origin of the two superpowers (USA and USSR). Tension builds between them. Arms race, space race, the realization of nuclear power proxy wars demonstrated that voltage. Not only between these two countries but also countries belong together ideological camps (capitalist and socialist). It even gave the United Nations could not pay much intervention they are fighting for power. For the balance of forces on both sides was the third world war going on. During this time realistic ideas priority are taken to solve a problem.

Finally, the science phase. After the 1960s, the development of science and technology, many analysts see international relations as a science, most social sciences. Through the creation of new theories and methods of this phase change to the present.

The political idealism and political realism

Idealism dominated the study of international relations at the end of World War I called up to the end 1930s.Sometimes utopia of liberal internationalism in other words.Immanuel Kant, Richard Cobden, John Hobson and Woodrow Wilson are a few of the notables of the idealistic liberal.

The idealists are not in contact with practical thinking, perhaps more complicated to use in practice, they always have priority on moral principles of the view that practical activities and also on the nave physical world around them. They were a perfect world in the future.

As I mentioned earlier, idealism gained importance as a reaction to the massacre of WWI.Analysts study the problem of peace groups and debated is formed, universities have been teaching international relations as a crucial issue, and many intellectuals have begun to try to educate people about the benefits of development to educate an internationalist orientation.

Given the thought of idealists, we can more emphasis on Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points”, a set of principles, which he created at the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919.This document provides an overview to the first stop to give World War II and the founding of the League of Nations.

Idealists believe enforce parliamentary democracy, the world is to liberalize and strengthen international law. League of Nations was the first step towards an anarchic world government for the peaceful world, analysts said idealists. But its practical application was not able to prevent the Second World War.

A key feature of idealism is the belief that what unites people is more important than what divides them. They believed in the ethical cosmopolitan than national interests and habits, and urged people to reform the international system based on states.

To our knowledge, there was a good example of the use of the idealistic ideology to prevent the war. In 1938, signed by Britain, France, Italy and Germany, Munich Agreement, the question of annexation of Czechoslovakia by Germany Sudtenland region. She kept the peace between the countries, but strengthened by the war as Germany.

The idealism has fallen into disrepute with the collapse of the League of Nations and the outbreak of World War II.

According to the realists, the realism has for a long time since the 5th BCThucydidesCentury, Nicolas Machiavelli, Thomas Hobbs and Max Webber just a few of them. But the modern theoretical approach has recently begun in 1930 and 1940.

EHCarr and Hans J.Morgenthau are important figures in the modern realistic. They said that it is not the natural harmony of interests between the States, and it was stupid and even dangerous to hope that the fight could be tamed for power between the states by the international law, democratization, and international trade. And they say that this view was the way the way after the Second World War and Hitler always powerful.

Realism as an ideology always pessimistic, but it is done with real people. Therefore, an image produced dark and suspicious of international politics. Among realists there are slight differences in everyone, but we can crystallize their ideas as follows,

“A precarious form of the order of the scales of justice, the power is not open to the world the best we can hope for in the international anarchy. A realm of constant struggles for food and security between the States”

But realism strongly criticized by researchers. In1960s 1970, and researchers believe that this ideology was realistic too hard on the people and decided it should be changed after the economic liberalization and development of science and technology.

Completion

Some people (most realistic) suggested that idealism is an expression of the political philosophy of the great powers met. After EHCarr, an author of the first realistic plan, are the nave and idealistic about the role of force in international relations, and when he said: “Not all states have an interest in peace, who have dominated the international system to keep track of more peace. because it was in their interest to maintain the international status quo. Unlike the favor of the idealists, there were no natural harmony of interests between the States. “

If we think that idealism in politics is completely disabled now, it’s wrong. Today, people accept liberal thought in international relations, that the time of the Cold War, and also try by experiment (eg the EU) but to control almost human ambitions “idealism” would not work effectively in international politics ..

Scientific thinking is a special technique with modern perennialists think they should first be taught the facts. You can prove that the reasoning of the most important descriptions of popular experience. This gives students a human side of scientific disciplines, and demonstrates the foundation of the law. More importantly, it shows the techniques of vagueness and evil, true science.

Although perennialism result is the same as essentialism can, focusing initially on perennialism personal growth, while essentialism focuses first on the use of abilities.Essentialist programs are likely to be much more educational and fact-based, and extremely generous and less principled. Both philosophies are typically as a teacher-focused view, against the students on the philosophy of progressive education as the basis. But because the teachers used to it somehow be instigated perennialism works of Western art, they can accommodate the students critical of the Socratic method in the context that, when they learned that the dialogue right, creates a balance between students and teachers, which contribute to the dialogue.

Perennialists also think that reading with easy dialogues and joint investigations on the use of the Socratic method to an understanding of the concepts need to create traditionally oriented directed to compensate. They deny that accurate, independent reasoning distinguishes the educated mind, and thus explains the status of this installation. A qualified teacher would hold discussions on the subject and the right of errors in the approach, but it would be students, not teachers, who could come to convictions. You can lead the class without a conclusion, the teacher put a little effort to create exactly the problems discussed in the text.

Although the argument for the normal use of a modern text supports refining the details in a structure that is designed for today’s society, many think perennialists past discussions and development of concepts through the Great Books are offered essential to any civilization, and therefore the relevance of great books for teaching is indifferent to their age.

The older, traditional, inflexible or five philosophies perennialism, which is a philosophy that attracts many traditional concepts of education. Perennialists think education, as human nature is immutable. Because the defining characteristic of humans is the ability to reason, to focus on strengthening the educational rationality. For perennialist education is to prepare for life, and students should learn from the world’s stability in the use of structured study.

Assimilation will see the main task of educating the children as missionaries for a variety of backgrounds in the concept of Anglo culture. These are the Anglo-standards that are to follow as the prototype of all children, and no distinction is made for the different sexes. The promotion of a common culture is their goal, and the children have learned to focus the lenses of their judgment with white middle-class standards.

Assimilation to justify their position, because it is a holistic concept that children from minority groups have been at a disadvantage. They see it as already in their ability to design and develop correct verbal skills and cognitive delays. In addition, the original language can itself, or a specific language for reasons to be flame retardant in the learning process.

It is not surprising, were teachers who demonstrate a philosophy of assimilation-like attitude toward students from biased non-European groups. Most teachers were themselves from the culture of the middle class. In spite of their own race or ethnic origin, they have systematically acquired the civic values ??and status information through their educational systems acculturation. These teachers have great prospects for the group taught the middle class. They find it difficult to accept the legitimacy of alternative viewpoints.

Sometimes teachers react negatively to non-English speaking students.Such response reflects their negative perception of the social group in question. As early as 1978 researchers played Lastra de Suarez, for negative attitides many Anglo-Americans against Mexican Americans in the room is neat sociolinguistic. Relatively low status of Hispanics socieoeconomic contributed to the Spanish language that is considered light.Frequently dimension in their language are coupled. If they are loved and respected, their language is a hit, and the opposite is true.

Teachers so as to treat some students speak Spanish in a way that suggests they need unique improvements or repairs. Up on the issue of content and language to focus problems that have frustrated teachers. The students are also frustrated because they can not understand, the doctrine taught in English. Mutual understanding is difficult at best.

In the classroom the teacher is the key. To translate philosophical views in attitudes and behaviors that affect students positively or negatively. The potential impact of such teachers should be aware more.

Formal Education

The term refers to the formal education system structured and scripted by the state provided for the children of this country are available. In most countries, formal education is a state-sponsored and state-run. In some countries like Pakistan, it allows the state and private certifying systems that provide a comparable basis, even for a time much better education.

Informal Education

It is very easy to understand that informal education informal means, it is considered unofficial and informal education, because

No regular curriculum
It is not necessarily
No formal certification
The government may or may not support the entire program as it is mostly related to basic social programs. Most of the time education / training and awareness for this purpose is organized outside the formal school. Most commonly, the word or phrase in formal education will be used to refer to adult literacy and continuing education for adults.

Promotion of informal education

In most cases, this type of training, programs, training needs and the cost of most of the international organization like the World Bank, UNICEF, Red Cross, etc. Now, worn, there is a problem, because these organizations have their own philosophy and, according to the World Bank, they emphasize that formal education is very important and can therefore eliminate illiteracy in one generation or the next is that needs to be.

Others say they believe that there is no need to get to work on formal education, as can be accommodated in disadvantaged families and children in the formal education programs. And it will help to increase the proportion of illiterates.

Completion

It seems possible, a more balanced approach or model of formal or informal information is needed not only by educators to take over, but also businesses as well. And they need to go to work to try to eradicate illiteracy. Since there is no doubt that education is necessary and especially countries like Pakistan, we understand that the Govt. can not meet alone on this issue now, we must play our part (companies) in this context and must leave in order to reduce the illiteracy rate by either formal or informal.